Oral Presentation Australasian Plant Pathology Society Conference 2025

Efficacies of various systemic and biological fungicides against coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) in Hawaii (117080)

Zhiqiang Cheng 1 , Elizabeth Buchholz 1 , Julia Coughlin 1 , Zhening Zhang 1 , Nina Pejovic 1
  1. University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HAWAII, United States

Coffee is a tropical crop with worldwide importance. In USA, Hawaii and Puerto Rico are the only commercial coffee producing state and territory. In Hawaii, coffee is #2 agricultural commodity only below seed corn. Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix, CLR) is considered one of the world’s most devastating pathogens of coffee and is found in nearly all coffee growing regions. Hawaii was one of the last locations to grow coffee without the disease until CLR was confirmed on Maui in October 2020. Within a year, it spread to all the islands. CLR damage reduces the tree’s photosynthetic capabilities and causes premature defoliation of infected leaves. In turn, future growth and yield can be lost, and in severe cases, CLR can cause tree death. In terms of chemical fungicides, currently Hawaii’s coffee growers can only use contact fungicides and one translaminar fungicide to battle CLR. Considering the urgent research need, this project aimed to identify effective systemic and biological fungicides against CLR in Hawaii. This is a multiple-year project in which we tested 7 systemic fungicides in 2021, 8 fungicides (6 systemic and 2 biological) in 2022, and 5 fungicides (3 systemic and 2 biological) in 2023 in replicated field plots (Randomized Complete Block Design) at two major coffee farms in Kona, Hawaii. CLR disease incidence (% infected leaves) and infection severity (0-5 scale) were measured at least 5 months post initial treatment in each year. Our results showed that inpyrfluxam and azoxystrobin were both very effective against CLR. Although biological fungicides tested in this research showed some efficacy, they were not as effective as inpyrfluxam and azoxystrobin. This research provided critical foundation for CLR management in Hawaii and beyond.

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