Oral Presentation Australasian Plant Pathology Society Conference 2025

Te whanaungatanga o ngā moroiti whā o Maire Tawake: The phyllosphere relationships of Maire Tawake and neighbouring plants (118427)

Hanareia Ehau-Taumaunu 1 2
  1. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
  2. Bioprotection Aotearoa, Lincoln, New Zealand

Maire Tawake (Syzygium maire) is an evergreen tree endemic to Aotearoa. It is part of the Myrtaceae family and is found in swamp and wetlands in Aotearoa New Zealand. In this country it is the sole representative of the Syzygium genus and is uncommon owing to land clearing and swamp draining. Maire Tawake is now critically endangered because of its extreme susceptibility to myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) and currently there are limited disease management options. This research explores the Maire Tawake microbiome and contributions of neighbouring phyllosphere microbiomes. Leaf samples were collected from the bottom canopy of asymptomatic Maire Tawake at three geographical locations across the North Island of Aotearoa, New Zealand. Nine neighbouring plants at least one metre above the ground floor within five metres of the focal Maire Tawake were also sampled. Amplicons for 16S rRNA, 18S, and ITS1 regions were sequenced from microbial matter sonicated from the leaf phyllosphere. Resulting reads were processed using DADA2 and analysed in R and Linux. Results show that the Maire Tawake phyllosphere host similar fungal, bacterial and protist taxa to those of their neighbouring plants. This similarity was not shared across geographical location, as canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) showed significant clustering of microbiomes by location regardless of plant host. Additionally, the number of core phyllosphere amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) with a prevalence of ≥20% shared between locations was lower than the number of ASVs unique to each location. Trait information using FUNGuild predicted pathotroph, saprotroph and symbiotroph functional guilds were the most abundant across samples. This is the first study of the Maire Tawake microbiome and lays the foundation for concurrent research into the impacts of myrtle rust and biological control.