Kauri (Agathis australis) is a cornerstone species of Aotearoa-New Zealand’s forests, holding immense ecological, cultural, and spiritual significance. These ancient trees shape entire ecosystems, supporting unique biodiversity, while also being deeply revered by Māori as taonga. However, the health of kauri forests is increasingly threatened by soil-borne Phytophthora species, particularly Phytophthora agathidicida, which has been linked to severe root infections and forest decline. Protecting kauri and maintaining forest health requires an integrated research approach to understand pathogen dynamics, identify alternative hosts, refine detection methods, and evaluate treatment strategies. Recent advances research have made substantial progress in understanding pathogen dynamics, improving disease detection, and enhancing strategies for kauri protection. This presentation synthesizes key findings from multiple studies, highlighting advancements in safeguarding these iconic trees and the forests in which they stand.
Investigations into pathogen ecology confirm that while P. agathidicida is the primary concern, other Phytophthora species coexist in kauri forests with less direct impact on kauri. Research into potential alternative hosts of P. agathidicida has refined our understanding of pathogen reservoirs, but low infection rates in a range of hosts suggest that stringent biosecurity measures remain the most effective means of protecting forest health.
Encouragingly, phosphite treatments have shown long-term efficacy in reducing P. agathidicida inoculum and improving tree vitality3,4,5. Emerging research into foliar phosphite applications presents a promising alternative to trunk injections, offering a less invasive and scalable treatment approach. Complementing these efforts, remote sensing technologies, including hyperspectral and thermal imaging, present options for scalable and early detection of tree decline, enabling proactive intervention before visible symptoms appear.
A risk-based surveillance model is also transforming monitoring efforts by prioritizing high-risk areas, optimizing resource allocation, and providing a scalable framework for demonstrating disease absence1. In the Waitākere Ranges, comprehensive pathogen profiling has reinforced the importance of continued containment strategies, including track upgrades, access restrictions, and enhanced public biosecurity compliance2.
Together, these advances mark a significant step forward in kauri protection. With improved disease suppression tools, smarter surveillance strategies, and enhanced early detection capabilities, we are better equipped than ever to preserve these ancient forests. By integrating research-driven solutions with strong community engagement, we can ensure a future where kauri thrive for generations to come.